Maleic anhydride is used in the formulation of resins. Exposure to maleic anhydride may occur from accidental releases to the environment or in workplaces where it is. Construction Waste Management . In this context, managing waste means eliminating waste where possible; minimizing waste where feasible; and reusing materials which might otherwise become waste. Solid waste management practices have identified the reduction, recycling, and reuse of wastes as essential for sustainable management of resources. Most construction and demolition waste currently generated in the U. S. Increasingly, significant volumes of construction related waste are removed from the waste stream through a process called diversion. For example, durable modular metal form systems for use in concrete construction may be selected on the basis of being readily demountable and reusable on other projects, thus eliminating wood waste associated with formwork fabricated of plywood and dimensional lumber. For example, construction products can be selected on the basis of its being designed and manufactured to be shipped with minimal packaging. For example, doors and windows in good, resalable condition might substitute for new products, or be donated and or sold for use on another project—a form of beneficial reuse. Materials and products which cannot efficiently and effectively be eliminated, minimized or reused ultimately are collected, and unless managed, will probably be disposed at the lowest cost. Managing Enclosure Heat Flows While the control of moisture is practically a universal requirement for buildings, the importance of the control of heat transfer tends.In many areas of the country, disposal fees at solid waste landfills are substantially higher than the cost of separation and recovery, including the disposal cost for residues. Federal Regulations. In the United States, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) defines the subset of solid waste known as hazardous waste. Management. Most construction and demolition debris is generated at the project level and therefore subject to laws and regulations by local, state, provincial, and federal laws. Definitions. Alternative Daily Cover (ADC): Material having no value in reuse, although employed for beneficial use as a supplement to soil in the practice of applying earth cover over active portions of managed municipal solid waste landfills, thus covering the day's waste, and with the effect of reducing nuisance odor and exploitation by animals, birds and insects. Beneficial Use: An assertion of right to enjoy the benefits of specific property. Construction and Demolition Wastes. Wastes encountered constitute all the materials and products incorporated into the built environment over a period of decades or in some areas over centuries. Best Management Practices. How waste management, or diversion, is accomplished, and to what extent, depends on specific project requirements and conditions. Several issues contribute to an overall waste diversion strategy. F. Process. Jobsite Sorting. Efficient identification and sorting of materials is an important factor in managing the economic viability of diverting construction debris from disposal. Smith Fibercast Fiberglass Piping Systems, supplied by Corrosion Fluid Products, utilize epoxy or vinyl ester resins as corrosion barriers and fiberglass for their. Septic System Design is both art and science. This is how septic systems function, including gravity systems, pressure septic systems, mound systems, sand filters, at. Superintendents and project managers utilize project specifications prepared by architects and engineers for information on diversion target rates, and general performance requirements. Light and medium duty trucks are most commonly used for this purpose in the US and Canada. Prevalence of Common Materials. Constituent proportions of materials culled and sorted in the construction and demolition waste stream shows a high degree of correlation with local priorities and economic trends at a given time. Waste Management Planning. Waste management should be an integral part of a project's development. Each of the principal project participants—the Owner, their Architectural and Engineering (A/E) services (or Construction Management consultant), the Contractor, and Subcontractors—will engage in waste management to some degree throughout the project. Initially, the Owner and their A/E must establish waste reduction goals and define what levels of diversion are achievable and reasonable under the project's conditions and as required by: State and local regulations. U. S. EPAState statutes or. Green Building Rating program requirements. Facility Design. The Contractor is responsible for the means, methods, techniques, sequences, and procedures of construction, which include waste disposal methods. ![]() However, the A/E's design team can contribute to waste reduction in several ways. These include: Observe Value Engineering principals. Perform multiple functions with one material rather than requiring multiple materials to perform one function. Avoid extraneous materials that do not contribute to function. Be efficient in area and volume. If less material is required by the design, less waste is generated at the jobsite. Observe standard material and product dimensions. Locate features . Furthermore, adhesives inhibit salvage and recycling at the end of the component's or building's life. Where possible, reduce requirements for applied finishes, laminates, coatings, adhesives, and the associated scrap, packaging, and waste. Select materials with integral finishes. Where possible, avoid materials which are sensitive to damage, contamination, environmental exposure, or spoilage on- site, which increase the potential for jobsite waste. Construction Contract Requirements. The Owner and their A/E (or CM consultant) must determine how their waste management requirements will be represented in the contract documents and incorporated into the project. Several provisions are relevant to the project's overall waste reduction performance. There are essentially three ways to represent waste reduction requirements in the contract documents. This may be effective if the Owner and Contractor share a good working relationship, and encouraging the Contractor is sufficient for them to . Typically, the Plan includes the following. Name of individual(s) responsible for waste prevention and management. Actions that will be taken to reduce solid waste generation. Description of the regular meetings to address waste management. Description of the specific approaches to be used in recycling/reuse. Waste characterization; estimated material types and quantities. Name of landfill and the estimated costs, assuming no salvage or recycling. Identification of local and regional reuse programs. List of specific waste materials to be salvaged and recycled. Estimated percentage of waste diverted by this Plan. Recycling facilities to be used. Identification of materials that cannot be recycled or reused. Description of the means by which any materials to be recycled or salvaged will be protected from contamination. Description of the means of collection and transportation of the recycled and salvaged materials. Anticipated net cost or savings. Some examples of C& D Waste Management Requirements and Plans are provided in Additional Resources, below. Require the Contractor to document their actual waste diversion performance throughout the project. The Waste Management Plan, therefore, should also include progress reporting procedures to record actual diversion and cost corresponding to each diversion and cost estimate. As the accepted Plan is a part of the contract document, it should be incorporated into the Contractor's Quality Control and Owner's Quality Assurance processes. Some public Owners go so far as to specify that progress payments will not be approved until updated actual diversion performance reports are submitted. Vest title to debris and waste materials to the Contractor, and allow the Contractor to accrue the economic benefits. These include cost avoidance through reduced debris tipping expenses, revenues from salvaged and recycled materials, and cost avoidance by using materials taken from the jobsite back into the project. Jobsite Waste Reduction. There are a variety of ways a Contractor can divert construction waste or demolition debris at the jobsite. The following general practices are common: Up to 1. While protecting new materials is necessary, the Contractor can direct their subcontractors and suppliers to reduce extraneous packing and packing. Develop one- hundred- and- one- uses for plastic barrels, buckets, and tubs. Give away non- returnable containers. Contact local and community organizations (schools, youth groups, community service groups, Habitat for Humanity, others similar). Use scrap in lieu of cutting full new materials. Direct subcontractors and trades to collect and keep scrap at cutting and fabricating locations. Collect paints and liquids from almost- empty containers; avoid disposing of useable materials simply because there is not enough in one container to finish a job. For materials that are heated, mixed, exposed to environmental conditions, or otherwise subject to spoilage, limit preparation of these materials to quantities which can be installed within their expiration times. Ensure volatile materials, and materials that degrade when exposed to heat, cold, or moisture are protected from spoilage and are not wasted. Recycle damaged components, products, and materials, or disassemble them into their constituent materials for recycling. Establish a return or buy- back arrangement with suppliers. Alternatively, unused, or used but serviceable materials and products can be sold to architectural salvage or used materials retail outlets. Donations to a non- profit outlet, such as a Habitat for Humanity (Hf. H) Re. Store, are usually tax- deductible. C& D recycling pick line. The Contractor may contract with a C& D recycling firm who accepts commingled debris. At the recycling site, concrete and masonry rubble are separated out of the debris for crushing into aggregate products. The remaining debris is typically crushed or shredded, then conveyed along a pick line for sorting and recycling. Recycling commingled debris and waste off- site requires virtually no adjustment in practice on the Contractor's part. C& D waste recyclers generally describe their fees as . This method typically achieves a very high diversion rate. However, clean wood is frequently sold for boiler fuel, and some agencies do not allow incineration to be counted as diversion.
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